Scientific American 23, 21.2.1852
Mr. Brazil, of Manchester, Eng., recently secured a patent for improvements in dyeing.
The first part of this invention consists in using soap or saponaceous matter in water, in order to facilitate the extraction of the coloring principles from madder, garancine, or other dye stuffs in the act or process of dyeing. The proportion which the patentee prefers to employ, are half a pound of soap (palm oil soap by preference) to every 10lbs. of madder, with the usual proportions of ground chalk and water. It is recommended to enter the goods to be dyed at a temperature of about 70° to 80° Fah., which should be gradually raised to 180°, when the goods are withdrawn. Or, instead of using the proportions of soap above mentioned, almost half or two-thirds of the soap liquors used for the first soaping of the first fabrics may be employed, and in both casts the madder should be added before entering the fabrics in the dye-beck.
The second part of this invention consists in using a solution of borax or borax combined with soap, for the purpose of more readily extracting the coloring principles from madder and other dye stuffs while in the act of dyeing. When borax is used alone, the proportion is ½ lb. to 12 lbs. of madder, and when soap and borax are employed together a quarter of a pound of each are added to 10 lbs. of madder, the usual quantity of ground chalk being introduced in either case.
The third improvement consists in saturating piece goods previous to applying a mordant, with a solution of soap in water, which must be dried in the goods before the mordant is applied. For this purposeithe patentee makes a solution of 1 lb. of soap in 12 gallons of water, which will be a proper strength when the goods are entered in a dry state; but when the goods are entered direct from the bleaching vat in a wet state, a liquor of greater strength will be found necessary. The fabrics having been submitted to this operation, are dried and then dyed in the usual manner. Another liquor adapted for the some purpose is composed by adding to the soap water from the soap vat as much resin as it will readily dissolve; this liquor is used in the same way as the former one. A third liquor consists of water to which has been added for every six gallon: one pound of borax with as much resin as it will conveniently dissolve.
The fourth part of the invention consists in using a solution of soap in water, or of borax alone, or combined with soap, in order to facilitate the extraction of the coloring principles from dye-woods and dye-stuffs, the quantity: of the above ingredients employed depending on the nature of the dye liquor required to be produced, and the dyewood which may be under operation.
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