The Commercial Dictionary of Trade Products: K, L (väriin liittyvät sanat)

The Commercial Dictionary of Trade Products, Manufacturing and Technical Terms: with a Definition of the Moneys, Weights, and Measures, of All Countries, Reduced to the British Standard.

By P. L. Simmonds, F.R.G.S., F.S.S., author of "The Commercial Products of the Vegetable Kingdom," "Waste products and Undeveloped Substances," "The Curiosities of Food," etc., etc.

A New Edition, Revised and Enlarged.

London: George Routledge and Sons, the Broadway, Ludgate;
New York: 416, Broome Street.
1872.

Kaleidoscope,
a highly ingenious optical instrument, showing, by the change of position a small pieces of coloured glass, a great variety of beautiful design, which have been found very usedul to patterndrawers. It was invented by Sir David Brewster of Edinburgh.

Kaolin,
a porcelain earth derived from the decomposition of the feldspathic granites, and much used for fine pottery. This earth is met with in Assam, Bangalore, Madras, China, and other parts of Asia, whence the name is derived.

Kermes,
an insect produced on the Quercus coccifera, which furnishes a red colouring matter. Also the name for a brick-red mineral powder, a factitious sulphuret of antimony, for dyeing, and formerly used in medicine.

Khenna,
a Persian dye for the hair, used in the baths of Constantinople.

Kino,
an astringent substance obtained from various Australian and Indian trees, and containing a large proportion of tannic acid. It occurs in shining grains of a rich ruby red colour. In India, kino is used for dyeing cotton a nankeen colour, and is also employed in medicine.

Lac,
in Hindoo numeration, 100,000; a lac of rupees is therefore £10,000; a crore is 100 lacs; a resious incrustation produced on the boughs of trees by the puctures of the Coccus lacca insect; and which forms the basis of dyes, varnishes, and sealing-wax, entering largely into commerce. Our imports of crude lac, and lac dye, amount to abut 1500 tons a year, worth about £88,000.

Lac-dye,
small square cakes of lac, for dyeing red colours.

Lake,
a pigment of a fine crimson red colour, of which there are several kinds. Common lake is obtained from Brazil wood, which affords a very fugitive colour. Superior red lakes are prepared from lac, cochineal, or kermes, and the best from madder root. See garancine.

Lamp-black,
the carbon of smoke formed by burning vegetable substances in confined air. It constitutes the basis of lithographic and printing inks, and also an oil paint.

Lana,
a close-grained wood obtained in Demerara from Genipa Americana, which is not liable to split. The tree will frequently square from 14 to 18 inches. The fruit yields the pigment known as Lana dye, with which the Indians stain their faces and persons. Lana is also the Italian for wool; and a Russian weight of 526½ grains.

Lana-dye,
a bluish-black colour used by the Indians of Guiana for staining their persons. See Caruto.

Lazulite,
a blue spar, found in crystals, and in masses in Europe and in Brazils.

Lead-pencil,
a pencil containing black-lead, or compressed plumbago.

Leather-dyer,
a stainer of leather; one who colours the outer surface.

Leather-enameller,
a varnisher of leather; the workman who gives the glossy surface for which patent leather is remarkable.

Linseed-oil,
a well-known commercial yellow oil obtained fro mthe seed of the flaxplant (Linum usitatissimum).

Litmus,
cakes of blue dye prepared in Holland from the Lecanorea tartarea and other lichens, and chiefly used for chemical tests.

Litmus-paper,
unsized paper stained with litmus, used as a delicate test of acidity.



----------------- Supplement

Kahroba,
the Hindustani name for Amber.

Kamala,
a pubescent down covering the capsules of the Rottlera tinctoria, used for dyeing orange, and medicinally.

Kempy-wool,
a wool which has short white hairs at the root of the staple, that never takes the dye, and disfigures all goods into which they are introduced.

Kena,
anoother name for Henna.

King's yellow,
a pigment, the basis of which is orpiment or yellow sulphuret of arsenic.

Kirritochee,
a name for the fruit of Terminalia angustifolia, imported for dyeing.

Koheul, Kohl,
a sulphuret of antimony or of lead, used in parts of Africa and Palestine, &c., to tint the eyelids, and as a cormetic.

Kurpah,
a kind of indigo made in Madras from the wet leaf.

Kutlukur,
a dye-wood from Cashmere.


Lackmus,
(German) litmus.

La-kao,
a Chinese green dye, obtained from Rhamnus cartharticus.

Lo-kao,
see La-kao.

Lucee,
a tree of the myrtlye family, the leaves of which are used in Gulana for dyeing black.