The Manufacturer and Builder 6, 1877
For Red, cochineal or anilin red may be used. Boil for three hours 2 parts of pulverized cochineal in 85 parts of water, and apply it to the wood. When dry, give a coating of dilute chlorid of tin, to which is added a little tartaric acid, 1 ounce of chlorid of tin, and ounce of tartaric acid in 35 fluid ounces of water. If instead of water the cochineal is boiled in a decoction of bark (2 ounces of bark to 85 ounces of water,) and the chlorid of tin is used as above, an intense scarlet, and all shades of orange, may be produced according to the proportions. When using the anilin red, plunge the wood first Into a solution of 1 part of curd soap in 35 parts of water, or else rub with the solution, then magenta is applied in a state of sufficient dilution to bring out the tone required. All the anilin colors are well adapted for staining wood.
For Blue, treat the wood in a bath made of 1 part of olive oil, 1 part of soda ash, and 10 parts of water; then dye it with anilin blue, or you may nee indigo blue, when first using a mordant called red liquor, and made thus: take 3 pints of hot water, in one dissolve 4 ounces of pare alum, in another 2 ounces of acetate of lead, and in the third 1 drachm of washing soda; mix them all and let them settle over night, decant, and dilate until it indicates 1° Beaum [Baume?]. It will then be ready to take up a fine blue color by extract of indigo.
For Yellow, prepare the wood with the same mordant, and color with a decoction of turmeric.
For Green, proceed as in dyeing blue, and add berry liquor or some other yellow dye. The relative quantities determine the tone of the green.
For Violet, treat with a bath as for anilin blue, and then dye with magenta red to which tin crystals are added; these color the anilin blue-violet.
For Brown, various tones may be produced by mordanting with a dilute solution of chromate of potash, and then applying a decoction of fustic, of logwood, or of peachwood.
For Gray, boil 17 ounces of orchil paste for half an hour in 7 pints of water. The wood is first treated with this solution, and then, before it is dry, steeped in a beck of nitrate of iron at 1° B. An excess of iron gives a yellowish tone; otherwise a blue-gray is produced which may be completely converted into blue by means of a little potash.
In many cases it is well to bleach the wood first, in order to obtain a pure color. For this purpose the wood is first satur-ated as completely as possible with a clear solution of 17½ ounces of chlorid of lime and 2 ounces of soda crystals in 10½ pints of water. In this liquid the wood is steeped for half an hour, if it does not appear to injure its texture. After this bleaching it is immersed in a solution of sulphurous acid to remove all traces of chlorin, and then washed in pure water. The sulphurous acid which may cling to the wood in spite of washing, does not injure it or alter the colors afterward.
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